Energy consumption characteristic analysis and peak load regulation potential investigation based on demand response for underground stations in cooling season

Focusing on the hourly energy consumption characteristics of subway stations, taking a typical underground station with platform-screen-door in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River as an example, this paper analyses the hourly energy consumption composition of the station and the influencing factors of the energy consumption of ventilation and air conditioning systems. The research results show that the ventilation and air conditioning energy consumption accounts for the largest proportion of power lighting energy consumption in subway stations, accounting for 83%. Outdoor air parameters, passenger flow and departure density all show significant correlations with the ventilation and air conditioning energy consumption. Facing demand response, a mixed integer programming model is established to evaluate the peak load regulation potential of subway stations with the participation of energy storage. Simulation results show that with the participation of energy storage devices, the station’s cumulative electricity consumption in peak hours throughout the year can be greatly reduced, and 48.2% of peak electricity consumption can be shifted to normal and valley periods.